The sword of damocles: Understanding the carbon abatement effects of top-down environmental management practices -- insights from China's campaign-style governance.

Inspection, standing for top-down environmental management practices, also known as campaign-style governance, is used by central governments to lessen local environmental pollution. However, there is no causal evidence for carbon abatement. Employing staggered difference-in-differences (DiD), I find that inspected cities mitigate carbon intensity and carbon emissions by 3.72% and 2.34%, respectively, with economic significance. Conducting a triple difference strategy, I suggest the channels are the local people's congresses and political consultative conferences' proposals, government attention, environmental regulation, industrial structure, and green innovation. Also, the heterogeneous effects suggest that municipal party secretaries assigned to their birthplace, the older the party standing and age, and those with natural sciences majors, are more conducive to the inspection achieving carbon mitigation. An alternative DiD specification shows that the "look-back" inspection achieves sustained carbon reduction. I support the argument that top-down inspection helps achieve resilience to climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Rehabilitation training improves nerve injuries by affecting Notch1 and SYN.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rehabilitation training on Notch1 and synaptophysin (SYN) levels in brain tissues of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Eighty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nine groups: three Sham groups, three Model groups, and three training groups. There were nine rats in each group. At different time points, the apoptosis cell rate was analyzed by the TUNEL assay, and the expression levels of Notch1 and SYN in brain tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR assay. RESULTS: The apoptosis cell rate of training groups was significantly higher on day 28 (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of both Noth1 and SYN in training groups were significantly higher on day 28 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Rehabilitation training could improve nerve cell apoptosis by increasing the expression of both Notch1 and SYN.